History Paper Burial Practices Essay Example for Free

History Paper Burial Practices Essay The idea of existence in the wake of death existed among numerous antiquated civic establishments. It was met as a method of understanding the present or as an approach to anticipate the future relying upon their requirements. All things considered, so as to clarify the obscure wonder that affected their day by day life, early clans considered normal to be as basic as the downpour and the breezes or birth and passing and respected them to be constrained by extraordinary forces identified with the divine beings, devils, the moon, the sun or other outside main thrusts. Old individuals looked for assurance for endurance and capacity to keep up request with the clans by rehearsing ceremonies which were expected to summon the soul of the expired. Be that as it may, as civic establishments developed with time, their convictions turned out to be progressively mind boggling and significant. Take old Romans and Egyptians for example, the two of them put stock in the great beyond and had comparative fundamental thoughts; in any case, their approach to set up the perished for the following life and memorial service administrations contrasted from various perspectives. To show their practices, I have picked two antiquities showed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (Met): a casket from Ancient Egypt and a cinerary urn from Ancient Roman’s times. The two pieces reflect various methods of rewarding the bodies of their expired and set up the dead for the excursion to the hereafter which without a doubt was a long and expounded process. Antiquated Romans and Egyptians exhibited their firm conviction in the great beyond through grave memorial service administrations and internment customs. Not at all like the Egyptians who loved the dead bodies and safeguarded them in stone coffin or final resting places, Romans incinerated the dead bodies and kept the cinders in urns since they saw the life in physical world to be short and brief. At the point when an individual kicked the bucket, the soul was discharged from the body and made a trip to the great beyond. The main motivation behind the physical body was to have the spirit for a period sufficiently long to set one up to carry on with a real existence liberated from enduring in the other world. Spirits were sent to better places contingent upon the degree of sins and wrongdoings submitted against society during the time individuals remained in the human world. Nonetheless, the enduring in the other world would end inevitably. Romans’ memorial service customs typically included washing the body, laying it level on a couch or bed, and dressing it with the best garments that individual had ever had. A coin would then be put under the tongue or on the eyes with the goal that he could pay the â€Å"ferryman Charon† for paddling im to the place where there is the dead. The marble urn I saw at the Met dated from mid first †second century A. D. was utilized to put the remains of the perished after the body was incinerated. As time passed by, they came to comprehend that the disintegration of the body was inescapable and the physical body was just an impermanent host of the spirit. This bit of relic gave proof that in old Romans’ perspective, the remaining parts of the physical body must be deteriorated all together for the spirit to start another life. It is sensible to infer that Romans respected incinerating the body of the dead as a normally quicker approach to start the life in the other world than moderate breaking down of the body. Then again, Egyptians accepted that the person’s physical body was in excess of an impermanent host and it needed to stay flawless, a condition important to achieve the great beyond. Besides, they mulled over the possibility that an individual was the mix of a few components, for example, the â€Å"ba†, which was the non physical piece of the individual and the â€Å"ka† which was an all inclusive power shared by all. Besides, so as to protect the bodies, Egyptians built up a long and laborious procedure called preservation. This training requires a few stages, for example, the expulsion of the cerebrum and interior organs and the cleaning of the body’s cavities with various oils and arrangements. When done, the body was laid to dry for over a month. In spite of the fact that these means were vital for the safeguarding of the body, it was likewise accepted that the change procedure to the great beyond proceeds with the weighing of the heart. Egyptians accepted that so as to pick up their approach to time everlasting one’s heart must be as light as a plume. This organ was not expelled from the body and was left to be weighted by Anubis, the burial service god and Thoth, the lord of information. Accordingly, it is accepted that one’s heart is put on a scale and weigh against a plume. On the off chance that the scale is adjusted, the perished is regarded to have carried out beneficial things in the current life and the divine beings would give them everlasting status. At the point when the preservation procedure is done the safeguarded body is set in a final resting place as the one showed at the Met, Gallery 112. This final resting place, from Egypt Middle Kingdom time was made for a very much regarded and rich person. The refined beautification mirrors the various leveled social qualification in this specific culture. All in all, however both antiquated Romans and Egyptians put stock in the hereafter, they rewarded the bodies and rehearsed burial service ceremonies in an unexpected way. These for the most part came about because of their separate impression of how the human life was identified with existence in the wake of death just as the significance to the physical body. By watching the two curios showed at the Met, I’ve found that Egyptians set more accentuation on the social class of the expired by putting on breathtaking embellishments on the caskets and stone coffin than the Romans did on their urns. This distinction mirrors the center of Roman’s old culture which matched with Greek’s thought of popular government by advancing a general public structure with a less unbending order.

Explain what the current situation is, what problems are in evidence Essay

Clarify what the present circumstance is, the thing that issues are in proof and how those issues ought to be tended to - Essay Example There are distinctive stock models and strategies for single provider and various providers and partnered benefits just as disadvantages for every one of them which would be assessed in the report. Certain proposals identified with buying and stock capacities would likewise be rendered so the current troubles can be reduced by a significant degree. Chapter by chapter guide Executive Summary 2 Introduction 4 Conclusion 13 References 14 Introduction Inventory is characterized as the load of materials or whatever other thing that is being utilized by an association. It is additionally characterized as the inert asset of any sort that has an extensive financial worth. It has been seen that inventories are regulated so as to satisfy the future needs of the procedure of creation. The term ‘inventory management’ is viewed as the way toward keeping up the completed merchandise, and the semi-completed crude materials of organizations or some other business. It has been discovered that proficiently overseen stock would bring about an expansion in the income by chopping down the expense of the organization. The procedure of stock administration begins when the organization begins its creation and requests the necessary crude materials for the equivalent. If there should arise an occurrence of a retailer, the procedure starts when it puts in a request to the distributer. ... faces certain challenges in buying and overseeing inventories for the parts and materials of differing brands for offering types of assistance to the clients. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the organization is worried about the future necessities of vehicles parts and materials to meet the ever-expanding requirements and requests of the clients. In light of the comprehension of the contextual analysis, the report means to delineate the distinctions in stock approaches when there are various providers included. The report would additionally talk about the shortcomings in the present stock administration practices of Lancaster Motor Group and prescribe proper measures to handle the troubles especially identified with buying and stock capacity. Q.1. By what method Might Purchasing And Inventory Management Policies And Procedures Differ Because The Dealerships Purchase Different Types Of Service Parts And Materials (E.G. Oils Versus Genuine Parts) From Different Types Of Suppliers? Galena Markovic was very worried about the future possibility of the organization. She didn't need the organization to confront the issue that different organizations are looking with respect to dealing with the acquisition of fluctuated portions of autos in future. As it has been seen that the organization had a decent notoriety regarding the redemption of administrations, she turned out to be progressively worried about its activities. Therefore, she started thinking with respect to gracefully fasten and stock administration to determine a touch of her interests and weights. Be that as it may, as she is selling the result of four organizations, she would need to purchase the parts from different providers (for example different providers). In such manner, she would need to follow stock approaches not quite the same as that of the typical stock administration strategy of single provider. At the point when a

Dietitian Resume Examples, Template, and Resume Tips

Dietitian Resume Examples, Template, and Resume Tips Dietitians, also commonly spelled as dieticians, are people whose job description is to analyze people’s eating habits and help them improve.In the world where people are getting more and more obese, and where we suffer from more health issues that directly come from the food that we eat and how we eat it, the need for dietitians is dire.We need them to teach us about things that we probably didn’t even know were bad for us, and to help us become healthier and happier by changing our diets and the way that we feel about food.Of course, as with most other jobs, finding a position in this field that satisfies you is going to be tough.But the one thing that we can without a doubt say is the key to your success is an excellent resume.It needs to show all the right skills and descriptions about you that will help you get the job of your dreams, and we’re going to help you write it, whether you’re a clinical dietitian or any other one.First things first, let’s look at some exampl es.Community Dietitian Resume Example Right Clinical Dietitian Resume Example Right Create your own resumeThe two examples that we have here for you are how you should aim for your dietitian resume to be like.Don’t be fooled, they look simple enough when you first glance at them, but there’s more to every word written on that paper.And, as we said before, we’re going to help you figure it out.Follow the guide that we prepared for you in the rest of this article while you’re writing your resume to maximize your chances of success.Also, use our resume templates to create easy and unique resumes that will certainly make you stand out from the rest.HAVE YOU BEEN MAKING MISTAKES WHILE WRITING THE PERSONAL INFO SECTION OF YOUR DIETITIAN RESUME THAT YOU WEREN’T EVEN AWARE OF?This section of your resume is the least stressful one, but there are still things that you might have been doing wrong all along and we have some tips for you.This is the section that the recruiters are going to use to get in touch with you and it should only contain some of the most basic information about you.Firstly, your name. It should be written on your resume like it’s the title of it â€" which it is.Use big bolded letters, but don’t make your name so big that it draws too much attention away from the more important stuff, like your experience and skills.It’s enough to only write your first and last name on your dietitian resume. Your middle name is not the type of information that the company that you’re applying to work for needs.Also, don’t write any nicknames, just your full first and last name. Writing your nickname would make you seem unprofessional.Michael Johnson RightMike Johnson WrongAn important thing that you should know is that while adding a photo to your resume is optional it’s usually not advised. This is because the recruiters might make assumptions about you based on the photo that you submit.The way that you look doesn’t determine your qualities as a dietitian, but if you do want to add a photo on your resume make sure that it’s high-quality, that you’re the only person in, that you look professional and that you’re smiling.The next item is your phone number, which you have to write correctly. This is, along with your email address, the most likely way that you’re going to be contacted for a job interview.However, stay safe and remove your phone number and home address from any examples of your resume that you keep online, but don’t forget to add them to the versions that you’re sending out.Also, your full address isn’t a must, if you want to you can just write the name of the city and state that you live in.Your email address should show that you’re a professional and not a child, so any address that doesn’t have your name in it is a definite no.michaeljohnson@gmail.com Rightsikeitsmike@gmail.com WrongWhen it comes to social media that you add to your resume, there’s no need to submit any other of your profiles except for LinkedIn. It really is the only platform that is crea ted for professional people, and you should keep it looking like that.But, you should still clean up all your other profiles even if you didn’t submit them on your resume because companies have a way of finding them and it could possibly ruin your chances.If you have a blog where you write about diets and nutrition, or a link to research or articles that you did, if you ever wrote any, you can also add a link to them in the social media subsection of your dietitian resume.HOW TO PUT ALL THE RIGHT INFORMATION IN THE SUMMARY OF YOUR DIETITIAN RESUMENow we get to the more complicated things.From now on you have to fully commit to making your resume the best possible, because there’s no way to know what part of it the recruiters are going to find to be most interesting.Especially if they spend only six seconds reading it.This means that they don’t thoroughly read it, but look for things that stand out or that they know they’ll need.The summary part of your resume is the place wh ere you put all the most important information about you that you can see on the other parts of your resume, but so that it fits in three to six sentences.This also means that you should leave the writing of this section for the end since it’s easier to write a review when you have all the info written in front of you.Regardless, there are some things that you must mention in the summary:The number of years of experience that you have as a dietitianThe exact name of your job titleYour certifications, which you have if you want to work as a dietitianSome of the most extraordinary things that you accomplishedThe things that you’re an expert inThe job position that you’re looking forBelieve it or not, all of this can fit into three to six sentences.You should also follow this list in order, more or less. You can start with the years of experience, job title, certifications and the things that you have the most expertise in.SummaryA determined and effective registered dietitian wi th over 6 years of experience in assessing, diagnosing, and treating nutritional problems. RightAfter that, add some accomplishments that you think make you stand out from the rest.Are you an expert in some areas? How many meal plans have you created? Were your patients satisfied with the results?Use some hard numbers as proof of your skill. You can also add some job-specific terms to it.Summary (cont.)Expert in creating nutritional plant-based diets that still fill out all the criteria needed to help patients with their problems. Created over 400 detailed meal plans with a success rate of 95%. RightThe last sentence should be more personalized. You should describe the position that you’re looking for and mention the name of the company that you’re applying to work for. Needless to say, this part should be different on every resume that you send out.Summary (cont.)Used to working in fast-paced hospital environments, Michael is seeking the position of a clinical dietitian. Rig htWHAT KIND OF EXPERIENCE IS IMPORTANT TO THE RECRUITERS?This is arguably the most important part of your resume.Every employer wants to hire somebody who has more experience than the average candidate, but we’re going to teach you how to write this section even if you have no experience in the field.Before you start, let’s set some ground rules. The only jobs that you should mention in this section are the ones that have something to do with the job of a dietitian or that have skills that can be transferred to it.This means that the fact that you were a lifeguard in high school is great for you, but will just be unimportant information on your resume that will just take up space.Now let’s talk about the format. The best one that you can choose if you’re an experienced dietitian is the reverse chronological order. This way your most recent and probably most relevant experience is listed at the top of the list, and so on.However, if you don’t have experience or have some ga p years it would be better if you used the classical format where you just list your most important accomplishments and duties first.Always mention the years that you spent at the company, the name of the company and your position in it when writing your resume.After that, you should add the duties that you had, but turn them into accomplishments.Write the things that will make you stand out from the rest and add hard numbers to back up your skills. If you had an amazing success rate or customer satisfaction, or if you wrote a book or conducted research you can out it in this part of the section.Hard numbers are proven to maximize your chances of success when it comes to getting to the next stage.If you don’t have any experience, mention your internship and any volunteer practices that you were a part of. Only list the things relevant to the job of a dietitian.Don’t shy away from using professional language on your resume to show that you know your stuff. Get into more detail if you want to. Right WrongAlong with your professional work experience, you should also add some information about your internship and your duties there.Every dietitian has to go through an internship in a health facility or a similar place before they’re even allowed to do their job.So, write the name of the facility where you did your internship and when you did it, and add some duties that you had while you were working there.And you’re good to go to the next section!DOES THE EDUCATION SECTION OF YOUR DIETITIAN RESUME HAS ALL THE INFORMATION THAT YOU NEED?Every dietitian has to go through a lengthy and hard process of getting a bachelor’s diploma in college that’s related to food, diet, and nutrition.You can’t apply for a job without the diploma. The job of a dietitian is an important one and should be left to the actual professionals because the health of people isn’t something that can be taken lightly.When listing your degree in your resume start with the highest-ranking one.That mean s that if you have a master’s degree there’s no need to also list your bachelor’s unless it was in another field or you got it at another university.Also, because you have to have some sort of college degree to be a dietitian, you can leave out your high school diploma from this section, unless you had some outstanding accomplishments that have something to do with being a dietitian even in that period of your life.The things that you should write about your degree are: the years of schooling, the level of your degree, the name of the university that you attended, and any special accomplishments.Like this: RightIf you’re a student who still hasn’t finished schooling and you’re applying for an internship, you can list your college degree like this: RightThe most important things in this section are the certifications. Write the name of the certification, and where and when you took the test and got it.Every dietitian has to be at least an RD, and you can list them like this:Licensed Dietitian Nutritionist (LDN) â€" Board of Dietetics/Nutrition, 2010Registered Dietitian (RD) â€" Commission on Dietetic Registration, 2010 RightTHE MOST IMPORTANT SKILLS TO MENTION ON YOUR DIETITIAN RESUMEThis is the part of your summary that takes up the least space but still has some important information.The skills that you have mostly determine whether you get the job or not. They are the most valuable asset that someone can bring to the company, so they’re always looking for skilled people to improve their work.You should write this section in bullet-point format. Keep it short and simple, and pick only the most important skills that you can use as a dietitian.Also, know the difference between soft skills and hard skills.Soft skills are sk ills that aren’t specific to any job, but they’re still valuable.The examples of soft skills that you should have as a dietitian are communication skills, problem-solving, honesty, teamwork.The hard skills that you’re going to need as if you want to get a job as a dietitian are more specific, like for example the knowledge of nutritional values of different foods, creating plant-based diets, analyzing data, and so on.Hard skills outweigh soft skills, so make sure to put more of them on the list.This is how your skills section is supposed to look like:SkillsNutrition EducationProblem-solvingExtensive knowledge of nutritional valuesExperience in creating adequate meal plansPlant-based dietTeamworkAnalyzing Data RightSkillsTeamworkMeal plansPhotoshopMS Office WrongTIPS TRICK FOR CREATING THE BEST DIETITIAN RESUMEUse a template â€" We have a bunch of templates on our resume builder that is going to make your life easier and make your resume stand out from the rest.Don’t be di shonest â€" Don’t go into this thinking that white lies are going to get you the job of your dreams and that you won’t get in some sort of trouble sooner or later. Working with patients is a serious business.Adaptability â€" Change up your resume for every different company or position that you apply to. Don’t be too lazy to do it, it will pay off in the long run.Length â€" Ideally, your resume should be one page long. The length of the resume doesn’t determine its quality.Choose the font carefully â€" We’re all drawn to fonts that look special but the truth is that they’re hard to read. Pick something that’s not going to make recruiters dump your dietitian resume in the trash just because their eyes hurt from treading it.Word or PDF? â€" If it isn’t specified in the ad send the PDF file, but keep all the other options ready just in case.The heading of your resume is NOT Curriculum Vitae â€" The recruiters know that it’s a resume and putting your name as the headin g is the much better option.Don’t get too personal â€" The only information about you that you need in the personal section of your dietitian resume is the most basic things. Anything more than that could get your employer to make assumptions about you and isn’t needed.Certifications â€" You have to have them as a dietitian and don’t forget to list all of them in the education section of your resume.Internships and volunteering â€" List these things if they had anything to do with the job of a dietitian, especially if you have no work experience.Check your grammar â€" This is a must! You can’t let some unprofessional mistakes slip up.Review â€" Take some time to step back from your resume and then look at it again to see something that you might have missed before. Or, give your resume to someone else that has a lot of experience with them, maybe they can tell you what you can improve.CONCLUSIONThis is the end of our step by step guide that will help you create the perfect d ietitian resume.Following these steps while writing your resume is guaranteed to help you maximize your chances of getting the job that you were always dreaming about.The most important things to remember are to be professional, only mention the skills and accomplishments that have something to do with the job of a dietitian, and don’t be dishonest.Good luck! Create your own resume

Age And Generational Influences She Is The Oldest Of...

Client Name: Ms. Maria Lopez Age and Generational Influences : She is a 30 year old single woman. She is American. She grew up in Danbury, CT She is the oldest of four children. Disability Status (developmental disability) None Disability Status (acquired physical/cognitive/psychological disabilities) None Religion and spiritual orientation She is a strong member of the Catholic Church. She volunteers as a Sunday school teacher. Ethnicity Her mother is native American. Her father is Filipino. Socioeconomic Status Middle Class or Upper Middle Class She’s a graduate of WCSU’s Social Work Program She got her master’s degree in community organizing from the University of Connecticut School of Social Work. She is currently a professional social worker who works with immigrants and advocates for better policies to enhance their well-being. Sexual Orientation Heterosexual Indigenous Heritage Her mother is native American and father is Filipino. National Origin United States of America, and is also aware of mistreatment of many immigrants and Spanish surnamed people. Gender Female, Woman, Single, looking for a relationship My conversation with Maria Lopez would consist of her work and her heritage. I would like to know more about her family history and why she feels like she won’t find a man that is right for her according to her religion. I also want to know if she knows how to speak Filipino or if English is her main language. Also, I would like her to elaborateShow MoreRelatedCultural Competence Assessment and Case Study Essay601 Words   |  3 Pages other problems (daughter diagnosed with a severe heart condition) Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning I would believe her GAF would be around 71-80 Axis VI: ADDRESSING Age and generational influences: 37-year-old, born in Haiti in 1966 living with paternal grandmother until age of seven. Oldest of four children. 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The Storm And The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin - 765 Words

Kate Chopin is an American writer best known for her novels and short stories. She was born February 8, 1850, in St. Louis, Missouri and she died on August 22, 1904, in St. Louis, Missouri. Kate Chopin was a feminist author. She was the author of two short stories, The Story of an Hour, and The Storm. The Story of an Hour published on December 6, 1894 and The Storm published in 1969. The Story of an Hour is a short story about a woman named Louise Mallard who has a heart condition and is unhappy with her marriage. When her sister tells her that her husband is dead, she feels relieved and happy to finally be free. When she finds out he isn’t dead, she’s so shocked that she dies when she sees him walk through the door. The Storm is a short†¦show more content†¦but she behaves immorally. She is a very pretty woman who has a fling with her former lover Alcee while waiting out the storm. Calixta seems to be a good mother and to care for her husband, she just isn’t happy with him. For example, she worries about Bibi and Bobinot’s safety the storm, which proves she cares for them. Yet she finds comfort from her former lover Alcee while worrying about her husband and child. Chopin states â€Å"Alcee’s arm encircled her, and for an instant he dr ew he close and spasmodically to him† (The Storm 2). This proves she must care for her husband, but turns to Alcee when needed comforting. Some similarities of Louise Mallard and Calixta are that they were both in unhappy marriages and longed-for freedom. The two protagonists were free from being housewives and were both finally happy for a brief time. Mrs. Mallard was so unhappy with her husband that she was relieved when she thought her husband had died, because she finally felt free of him. Calixta was so unhappy with her husband Bobinot, that she cheated on him with her former lover Alcee and found a pleasure from Alcee that was missing in her marriage with Bobinot. They also both struggled to find their independence. For example, Calixta went back to her husband and Mrs. Mallard’s husband wasn’t actually dead. Mrs. Mallard died and Calixta stayed with her husband, so their happiness ended quickly. Some differences of Louise Mallard and Calixta is that Louise Mallard felt happy andShow MoreRelatedKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour And The Storm844 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin’s short stories testify to display to the readers her viewpoints about love, sex and marriage that one is not usually aware of. These three topics all tied together. Typically, it’s easy to think that when you love someone you get married to them. You only commit yourself to them and no one else. Of course not all marriages work out but that’s life. In two particular short stories though, it establishes the struggle for woman around the 1800’s. 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Kate Chopin wrote stories with exceptional openness about sexual desires. In â€Å"The Storm†, a short story written by Kate Chopin in a time when women were expected to act a certain way and sexual cravings was consideredRead MoreThe Storm By Kate Chopin1649 Words   |  7 Pageswriters in present day, Kate Chopin was a writer who wrote to reflect obstacles and instances occurring within her time period. Writing about personal obstacles, as well as issues occurring in the time period she lived, Chopin proved to be distinctive upon using her virtue. Kate Chopin was a determined individual, with true ambition and ability to produce writings that reflected women on a hi gher pedestal than they were valued in her time. â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin is a short story written to provideRead MoreKate Chopin, An American Writer1425 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin, an American writer, known for her vivid portrayals of women’s lives during the late 1800s. Her fiction works usually set in Louisiana, which contributed too much of her description of women’s roles. During Chopin’s time, Louisiana was in the midst of reconstruction and was having racial and economic issues. (Skaggs 4) Louisiana is the setting for many of Chopin’s stories, and they depict a realistic picture of Louisiana society. Kate Chopin published two novels and many short storiesRead MoreHow Did Kate Chopin Influence Literature949 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin’s distinct influence in literature Kate Chopin was an innovative influence for literature in the late 1800’s. Her stories and characters conflicted with the societal norms of inequality towards women. Women in the 1800’s were oppressed, and treated more like property than individuals. Living in the 1800’s as a woman meant they had no rights, or power to create a life of their own. The men, in that period of history, held all prestige positions; therefore, formed all of the laws, and socialRead MoreLeo Haines. Professor Capozzi. Research Paper. April 29,1518 Words   |  7 PagesApril 29, 2017 Kate Chopin Kate Chopin was a famous author of short stories and articles. Kate was born on February 8, 1850, in St. Louis Missouri, and she grew up speaking English and French. After her husband has passed in 1882, and that is when her writing career launched. In most of her novels and stories her characters are bilingual, also known as fluent in two languages. Kate Chopin using the theme of feminism in her stories, â€Å"The Awakening†, â€Å"The Storm†, and â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† where sheRead MoreThe Unique Style Of Kate Chopin s Writing1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe unique style of Kate Chopin’s writing has influenced and paved the way for many female authors. Although not verbally, Kate Chopin aired political and social issues affecting women and challenging the validity of such restrictions through fiction. Kate Chopin, a feminist in her time, prevailed against the notion that a woman’s purpose was to only be a housewife and nothing more. Kate Cho pin fortified the importance of women empowerment, self-expression, self-assertion, and female sexuality throughRead MoreKate Chopin Literary Analysis793 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin was an innovative influence in literature in the late 1800’s. Her stories and characters conflicted with the societal norms of inequality towards women. Women in the 1800’s were oppressed, and treated more like property than individuals. Living in the 1800s as a woman meant they had no rights, or power to create a life of their own. The men, in that period of history, held all prestige positions, and formed the laws, and social norms of that time. Kate Chopin, and other writers of herRead MoreFemale Characters Overthrowing Gender Roles1101 Words   |  5 Pagesthink of. Kate Chopin, a primarily short story writer, does not fall short of this statement. Through her stories, â€Å"The Storm,† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† the women seem to be trapped in confining gende r roles. By the conclusion of each story all the women find a way to challenge their everyday roles and overthrow them in some matter. Although these stories are dissimilar from each other, both show the struggle that women have against one or several antagonists in their lives. Chopin shows hardships

Mr. Ajinkya Deshmukh Free Essays

In 1990, Buick advertised extensively that a survey of over 26, 000 new-car buyers had revealed that Buick was the only American car line ranked in the top 10 in initial quality based on owner reported problems during the first 90 days. Buick featured in its ads, a list of the top-10 automobiles in the survey, in which it was ranked fifth: behind Lexus, Mercedes-Benz, Toyota, and Infiniti and ahead of Honda, Nissan, Acura, BMW, and Mazda. All nine of these other car lines are Japanese or German. We will write a custom essay sample on Mr. Ajinkya Deshmukh or any similar topic only for you Order Now In his nationally syndicated column, â€Å"High Five Is Goodbye Wave, Not the Symbol of Quality,† August 23, 1990, columnist George Will somewhat berated Buick for bragging about only being fifth. He stated that the â€Å"We’re Number One† boasts of wining college football players and their fans may be â€Å"mistaken, and the passion may be disproportionate to the achievement, but at least it is better than chanting ‘We’re Number Five. †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Mr. Will noted that such ads imply, â€Å"Don’t expect us to measure up to the big boys – the ones overseas. † He wanted Americans to become â€Å"impatient and censorious about lax standards (We’re Number 5) that are producing pandemic shoddiness in everything rom cars to art to second graders’ homework. † Mr. Will ended his column: â€Å"Americans would feel better, and might be more inclined to buy Buick, if they saw an ad reprinting the list above, but with a text that says: ‘Fifth place is not nearly good enough for Americans to brag about. And until we do better, we apologize! †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Mr. Will may well have been correct that many U. S. firms were not producing products up to the quality standards of many foreign firms. We want to point out, however, that his criticism of Buick’s boast of being number five as indicative of shoddy American quality may not have been quite valid. In fact, it may be great to be â€Å"Number Five†. How to cite Mr. Ajinkya Deshmukh, Papers

The Cold War US Foreign Policy

Introduction One critical question that bogs the minds of most people when talking about the Cold War is the concern of securing the national interests of the United States. A substantial number of people argue that the Cold War, which lasted for four decades, was a contest of ideologies whereby the United States sought to spread its national interests across the globe. The development of the war had implications on the political and cultural standing of the United States.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cold War: US Foreign Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Cold War was an ideological war in which the United States and the Soviet Union were engaged in a war whereby each country sought to propagate its policies through the pursuance of different courses in different parts of the world. In this paper, it is argued that the nature of policy goals that were pursued in the Cold War period had implicatio ns on the political and cultural setup of the United States. This paper discusses the Cold War. The paper seeks to explore issues surrounding the US foreign policy in the course of the war, as well as the implications of the war on the United States’ society and culture. The Cold War marked a period in the world history after the Second World War. The two main countries that battled in the war are the United States and the Soviet Union. This war was not an actual physical battle between the two countries, but it entailed the utilization of foreign policy by both countries to advance national ideologies. However, proxy wars were fought as the two countries applied their containment strategies in proxy nations in different regions of the world. The United States embraced the ideology of capitalism, while the Soviet Union embraced communism. At the end of the Second World War, the United States insisted on the pursuance of a course that was meant to see the world pursue self-det ermination and the continuity of free trade. On the other hand, the Soviet Union focused on molding its influence on Eastern Europe and the restructuring of its economy to gain power and influence in the region and the world at large. The most critical question that rings in the mind of most people concerns the possibilities of avoiding the Cold War at that time, given the political status of the world during the post-World War II. Most of the commentators argue that the war could not have been easily avoided, given that a political vacuum prevailed in the world after the Second World War. The United States and the Soviet Union, which were the two main powers in the bipolar world order, engaged in a battle that resulted in a unipolar state, with the United States becoming the key dominant power in the world.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Kennan (para. 4), one main thing i n the Cold War was the application of containment strategies that were embedded in the foreign policy activities. The foreign policy of the United States, just after the end of the Second World War, was shifted to containing the Soviet Union. What ought to be asked is whether the containment strategy of the US was welcome by the citizens of the country. The other question concerns the impact of the pursuance of the containment strategy by the United States during the Cold War on the American society. Several documents have been authored on the historical developments in the post-World War II period, which marked the period of the Cold War. Most of the documents point to the political discourse in the Cold War period. The Cold War was a political development, thus it is quite difficult to eliminate the question of political discourse when talking about the Cold War. Arguing from the perspective of the world wars, the distribution of power was one of the main issues that shaped the de velopments at the international stage during the world wars. The cold war was, therefore, an extension of power politics in the international arena; only that this point in time, the power struggle shifted to two states in the world (Truman para. 1). According to â€Å"NSC 68 and the Ideological Cold War† (591), both the United States and the Soviet Union, which were the main powers that presented a hegemonic state in the international arena, were involved in the pursuance of different policies that were aimed at consolidating power. The United States under its leaders presented issues in the foreign countries in the manner that presented the attention of its citizens and the search for support in implementing the foreign policies of the country. An example that can be given here is the presentation of the situation in Greek by Harry Truman, the then US President. Truman argued that the situation that prevailed in Greece had implications on the national security of the United States as he addressed the US Congress. The address pointed out that the Greek government was being negatively affected by the communistic advancements, a situation that warranted the support of the United States (Truman para. 1-5). According to Lippmann (para. 1), the policy of containment used during the Cold War period called for the use of different tactics by the players in the war. The United States was, therefore, forced to be strategic in terms of crafting and implementing its foreign policy to match the strategies of the Soviet Union. There was an expansive pressure on the United States, which resulted from the policies of the Soviet Union. The main way through which the United States would respond to the pressure was, therefore, through the deployment of diplomatic tactics in containing the Soviet Union’s influence in the world. Foreign policies were vital in the planning and implementation of containment strategies since it authorized the actions of the US governm ent.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cold War: US Foreign Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has shaped the culture of the United States in such a way that policies are often subjected to the public. The United States is highly organized based on the principles of participation and democracy. The question of policy support in the United States also came out during the Cold War in which the US was quite active in terms of the search for policy support locally. The other aspect of culture and society in the United States as was depicted by the Cold War revolves around the question of freedom in terms of policy making and participation. Capitalism, which is an ideology that was fully backed by the United States, entails the embrace of diversities of people in diverse sectors. The free trade of ideas is, therefore, one of the most critical components of a free market of ideas. While this ought to be th e nature of the American society, there are still a lot of pointers to the embrace of absolutism in the country. A free society ought to give each individual a chance to exercise and pursue his or her goals, which is contrary to what the United States policy entailed during the Cold War (â€Å"NSC 68 and the Ideological Cold War† para 2-5). The civil rights movement that was experienced in the United States in the course of the Cold War can be taken as one of the indicators of the lack of embrace of free ideas and the value of every individual course, which are core features of capitalism. The differences in terms of race came out strongly during the Cold War. While the United States struggled a lot to contain the actions of the Russians through policy, it did less in pursuing a domestic policy to contain racial segregation within the country. The United States government concentrated a lot on the pursuance of foreign policy, rather than addressing the issue of civil rights i n the country. The American society can be depicted as an expansionist society due to a lot of focus on foreign policy at the expense of addressing the domestic issues (President’s Commission on Civil Rights para. 1-4). According to McCarthy (para. 2), the pacification of the world seemed to be the main Agenda of the United States. This was depicted by its efforts to see the establishment of the United Nations during the Second World War. However, the actions of hatred and the support of proxy battles was an order of the Cold War, which made it impossible to attain the goals of peaceful existence of people in the world. Conclusion This paper has explored the Cold War and how the domestic and foreign policy of the United States was shaped during the war. From the discussion, it has come out that the foreign policy goals of the United States during the early periods of the war were largely centered on containing Russia. This barred the US from pursuing domestic policies that we re critical in addressing domestic issues.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Kennan, George, F. The Sources of Soviet Conduct, 1947. Web. McCarthy, Joseph. Enemies from Within, 1950. Web. http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/6456/ NSC 68 and the Ideological Cold War, 1950. President’s Commission on Civil Rights. To Secure These Rights, 1947. Truman, Harry S. Excerpts from the Truman Doctrine, 1947. Walter Lippmann. A Critique of Containment, 1947. This essay on The Cold War: US Foreign Policy was written and submitted by user Kaliyah Chaney to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition and Examples of Plots in Narratives

Definition and Examples of Plots in Narratives Every story that you read follows a series of events that range from the introduction of a conflict to begin the story and a final resolution at the end; this is the plot of your story. Basically, it’s what happens throughout the narrative, and it appears in in both fiction and non-fiction work. When you write a plot summary, you’ll essentially condense a novel into a short essay, touching on the key points of the material. You’ll want to introduce the main characters, setting of the story, and the main conflict of the narrative, including the five basic components of the plot: introduction, rising action, climax, falling action, and finally, a resolution. Some outlines will break down a plot into more segments (exposition, inciting incident, central conflict, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution) but the premise is the same - a pattern of rising and falling action that looks essentially like an arc  or a bell curve when you consider the level of drama the characters experience. Understanding and Introducing the Conflict To properly summarize a plot, start by figuring out the main problem that the story will solve. This could come from understanding the main characters, who are crucial components of the plot. Who are they and what are they trying to achieve? Most characters have a mission to accomplish, often it is finding, saving, or creating something or someone. Understand what drives the main characters, and that will help you in the first step to summarize the plot. The conflict that we discover at the start of the narrative will get kicked off by an inciting incident that triggers the rising action, which grows over time. In Shakespeare’s â€Å"Romeo Juliet† we are introduced to two characters from feuding families who ultimately fall in love. The conflict comes from their love for each other despite their families’ disapproval. Rising Action and Climax The rising action will introduce key components of a story that build upon the drama and conflict. This is where we see Romeo Juliet marry in secret, and Romeo Tybalt engage in a duel that ultimately leads to Tybalt’s death. Eventually, the action and conflict hit what is called the climax, the point of no return. This is the peak of excitement, fear, drama, or whatever the emotion is that relayed through the narrative. You’ll want to tie together the rising action and the catalyst for conflict. The climax could lead us on a journey of positive resolution or even a journey of tragedy, but it will often change the characters in some way and is the reason why the problem can now start to be solved. In Shakespeare’s story, there are essentially two points of climax: Romeo is banished and Juliet refuses to marry Paris. Falling Action and Resolution Finally, as you work your way back from the climax to the resolution, you’ll want to focus on how the main characters respond to the peak of action. Some aspect of the climax will trigger a response in the main characters which will drive them towards the final resolution. Sometimes, you’ll even find that the main characters learn a lesson and grow as individuals, but either way, the resulting actions shift the story and begin the falling action. Juliet drinks the potion which causes Romeo to believe she has died and kills himself. Upon awakening and discovering that her love has died, Juliet does the same. Eventually, the story will return back to the original baseline resulting in a final resolution. In â€Å"Romeo Juliet† the resolution isn’t that they both have died, but rather, the action their families take in response to their deaths, the end of the feud. Creating the Summary Remember that the plot is not the same as the theme of the narrative. If you’re not sure what the difference is between the plot of a story and the theme, you’re not alone. While the plot is what happens, the theme is the underlying idea or message within a story. The plot is concrete occurrences within the narrative, but the theme can be more subtle and even at times, implied. The theme can be harder to discern whereas the plot is more obvious. In Romeo Juliet, we see themes of love and hate that appear throughout the plot. Don’t forget, the key part of summarizing a plot is that you’re summarizing. You don’t need to include every detail that you encounter. When you read the text, it’s important to pay attention to what happens and where you see action coming into play, and write down key moments. Look for the basic information of who is involved, what are they doing, when are things happening, where is the action happening, and why? Take notes and even write down things that you’re not sure if they are vital at that moment, but seem interesting or important. When you finish the story, you’ll be able to review your notes and better understand what aspects of the narrative were most important and start to eliminate the notes that don’t enhance the plot. That way, when it comes time to summarize the plot, you can easily pare down your notes and have an outline of what happens and the crucial moments that represent each of the five components of the plot.

Vulgar and Vulgarity

Vulgar and Vulgarity Vulgar and Vulgarity Vulgar and Vulgarity By Maeve Maddox The English word vulgar derives from the Latin word for â€Å"the common people†: vulgus. Before it took on the meanings of â€Å"unrefined, coarse, uncultured, refined, and ill-bred,† vulgar meant â€Å"belonging to the mass of people,† or â€Å"commonly used or known.† Nonjudgmental uses of vulgar For example, what historians now refer to as the Common Era (and some writers still refer to as A.D.) was once called â€Å"the Vulgar Era†: the division of historical time inhabited by all living people in common. â€Å"Vulgar Latin† was the form of Latin spoken by the common people, as opposed to the classical Latin spoken and written by the educated classes. Jerome’s 4th century translation of the Bible into Latin came to be known as the â€Å"Latin Vulgate†not because he wrote it in vulgar Latin, but because it succeeded earlier translations in common use. Note: Modern speakers equate the term â€Å"vulgar language† with obscenity, so if you want to talk about the common speech of a people, the better choice is vernacular: the native speech or language of a particular country or district; also, the informal, colloquial, or distinctive speech of a people or a group. In mathematics, there’s such a thing as â€Å"a vulgar fraction†: common fractions or vulgar fractions are those in which the numerator and denominator are represented by numbers placed the one above, the other below, a horizontal line. Vulgar to mean â€Å"crude and socially offensive† Throughout history, wealth and formal education have been confined to a small part of every country’s population. As a result, the language and behavior of these small privileged segments have come to be seen as the civilized norm. What is vulgar in one culture may be socially acceptable in another. Behavior considered to be vulgar in Western culture includes: uttering mean, hurtful, insulting remarks telling offensive jokes in mixed company invading the personal space of others making inappropriate sexual remarks appearing in public without being fully dressed spitting, farting, etc. in public talking about intimate personal matters to strangers talking loudly screaming, either at a distance to be heard, or in anger or excitement peppering ordinary speech with obscenities and vulgarities asking personal questions of mere acquaintances bragging about possessions and financial worth The Google Ngram Viewer shows a dramatic drop in the appearance of the word vulgar in printed works from the 19th to the 21st century, but a web search suggests that it may be experiencing a come-back. Here are some examples: [Basketball player] fined $75K for homophobic, vulgar remarks the Jordan Belfort of the memoirs comes off as a delusional, vulgar fraud. Toddler taken from vulgar parents after filthy video goes viral Maine governor makes vulgar remark about lawmaker Perhaps as the result of an essay by Lee Siegel in The Wall Street Journal, a search of the article’s title, â€Å"America the Vulgar,† receives about 10,900,000 results And not all the web occurrences of vulgar are judgmental; some manufacturers are proud to offer â€Å"vulgar, offensive T-shirts† for sale. Vulgar language occupies an important place in the human psyche. â€Å"Bad words† exist in every language ever studied. Uttering an obscenity can relieve strong feelings. A string of curses can prevent physical violence. George Carlin and Richard Pryor knew how to use vulgarity to add force to social criticism, but they did it in the context of closed venues. As Carlin energetically pointed out, context is what makes a word â€Å"bad†; context also determines the appropriateness of â€Å"inappropriate† language. When vulgar language becomes commonplace, its emotive power is squandered. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Homograph Examples"Latter," not "Ladder"10 Functions of the Comma

Wal-mart Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wal-mart - Essay Example China is WalMart’s largest supplier, but in terms of sales WalMart ranks 24th in China after the local stores, while French retail giant Carrefour ranks fourth. The WalMart model of everyday low prices, coupled with supplier and cost controls has been successful in some countries such as Mexico, Canada and Britain. In Germany, the company has not done well due to existing competition, high labour costs and zoning laws. Altho0ugh China has the kind of market size comparable to domestic markets, thereby presenting an opportunity to duplicate domestic success, this has not occurred, as stated above. The Company has been losing money since its arrival in the country. Some of the other foreign retail chains operating in the country include UK’s Tesco, Thailand’s Lotus and Germany’s Metro. The local Chinese retail chain, Bailan, was most successful because of localised demand, supply base and distribution. Due to the wide disparities in income among Chinese customers, Walmart could not operate its national model, because purchasing patterns and good demanded were different at different locations and a standardised model was n ot successful. Local protectionism was also a barrier. The poor infrastructure in the country also added to the logistical and supply costs, thereby increasing costs. Firstly, Walmart’s attracted customers by its Everyday Low Prices. It maintained a relentless cost control system by allowing few perks for its officers and employees. It was also able to negotiate tough deals with its suppliers, using its ability to place bulk orders to also make other demand such as high quality and low prices, which it then passed on to its customers. It ,maintained several distribution outlets and initiated an electronic data interchange system, allowing suppliers to track sales to deliver new stocks and they were

Sam 488 unit 6 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sam 488 unit 6 - Assignment Example There are several individuals who have key roles in emergency operation plan and they include the public relations officers as whose work is to handle the flow of information about the incident as well as the chief security officer in charge of warning systems and maintaining order in the operation. Communications to the responders and media is necessary to not only avoid speculations and distortions but to provide warning systems to the public. There are several individuals who have key roles in emergency operation plan and they include the public relations officers as whose work is to handle the flow of information about the incident as well as the chief security officer in charge of warning systems and maintaining order in the operation (Fay, 2011). Evacuation is the process of moving people from one location to another in the evidence of a disaster before or after searching the place. This is common during emergencies involving bombs. People are given the evacuation notice and then assembled on one location in order to be evacuated in a given order to safety. This procedure is carried out by various emergency responders trained to handle the matter (Fay, 2011). This is the mock evaluation carried out during emergency response training. The drills include steps and procedures to take during three stages of evacuation which are pre-evacuation, evacuation and post-evacuation. The drill involves emergency operation plans such as searching the premises, the houses of people, sending evacuation notices, identification of safe locations and later on after the threat has passed relocation of people. This step in the emergency operation takes place after an incident such as a bomb or earthquake has taken place. The search is for the survivors or even those who have suffered demise under the disaster. Rescue takes place in the order of those who can be rescued easily to harder and more challenging cases. This procedure has time

Comparison of Universities and Community Colleges Essay -- College Edu

Comparison of Universities and Community Colleges When you graduate high school you have your choice of what kind of an education you want to get. You have your choice of going to a 4-year university, or a 2-year college. In order to decide you will compare the two and use the comparisons to come up with your final decision. Questions to ask yourself would be, what are you looking for in college, how do you want to learn, and how much money do you have to work with. Comparing University and Community college the first thing that comes to mind is the difference in price. Certain Universities are more expensive than others. The difference in price is because of the difference in price and size, also because of the difference in the educational program they have. The price for a University can also differ with whether or not you are going to live there. With a Community college the price will differ significantly. The difference in price strands for the difference in size, teaching and living. At a Community college you have a sma ller campus, the curriculum is different and yo...

Educational Memories Essay

I first came into Wakefield City High School on September 1994. I had to go to the hall for an assembly. I was nervous I didn’t know anyone. There was no one else from my old school just me. I was sat down feeling nervous in the assembly just then the head of lower school called out my name. They decided which tutor group I should go to Mrs Ellis’s classroom. I made a few friends in my class Tariq, Ajmal, Safdar and Zulfiqar. At first we all used to have the same timetable and I would ask them which lessons we would have next and which room the lesson would be held. But then gradually we were put into different groups meaning different timetable. Most of the teachers didn’t like us. In maths we would look in the back of textbooks for answers that would be in are maths work. In science we made a mess of all the experiments. I broke three beakers and two test tubes, once I squirted hydrochloric acid at the black board the mark is still there. My music teacher liked me because I was good at the essays and minor music tests. I scored a high mark in the music exam but I was awful at playing music. I blew up the keyboard adapter. We would throw water balloons at everyone in the winter and set of bangers at bonfire week. In food technology the teacher hated are cooking we never cleaned up after we had finished. In art we used to draw pictures on are art folders even though she told us not to draw on them. We would draw a picture of a liver floating in a swimming pool and write next to it Liver+pool FC. My art teacher was Austrian and she would were these big black German boots and walk very disciplined like a solider. I thought she was related Adolph Hitler. In D+T resistant materials we had a teacher called Mr Taylor. Mr Taylor was tall and was a very moody person. When he was drunk he was alright. But when he was sober he was on a short fuse. He would never repeat himself. If anyone in the class asked, â€Å"sir what was the question I didn’t understand it sir† he would start shouting and tell you to just do your work. He was tall skinny and atleast 30 years old. He would wear a white shirt with black pants. His hair had a lot of gel on it and his sideburns were completely shaved of. He always thought he was cool so he always brushed the side of his hair back. He never use to send students to isolation but he sent me because I was outside the school uniform by wearing white trainers. Whenever he explained to the whole class the work, what we had to do. I always fell asleep. So I always washed my face before entering the classroom. If you did anything wrong he would give dirty look and make you look like an idiot as though you are stupid and not clever. In the last two years all the teachers started getting on with me. I started doing well in my science and D+T. I got a high score in my science modular tests and I was predicted a c in my final G. C. S. E exam. In D+T I got a c for my coursework in G. C. S. E project Table. In my final two years at school Mr Taylor would not talk about work in D+T because we know what we had to do finish the design work. Instead Mr Taylor what talk about general interests and all kinds of things that he heard on the news saw in the papers or saw on TV. Most of al this talk was irrelevant but it was just to keep us company while we were working in the workshop and in the classroom. He would even put the radio on in the workshop and we would often have debates. He would view us as engineers including himself, which he was and he viewed the common man as underpaid labourers. He told us about his last job that he would operate a machine. He would just set the material on the machine and program the machine, then he would let the labourer do all the moving and lifting basically the heavy work. He said all this with confidence thinking non-of us would become a labourer, he thought we would all do well with his help D+T. He developed a relationship, which went from student and teacher to colleagues, and everyone knew what to do. We developed confidence in the workshop. I would use the sander and go into the store cupboard looking for whatever I needed to assemble the project. I would use all the machines, tools and equipment in my surrounding. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mildred Taylor section.

Globalization refers - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2785 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Society Essay Tags: Globalization Essay Did you like this example? Globalization refers to the shedding down of the walls of distrust and the barriers of suspicion in between countries to make a bridge where ideas and beliefs can cross the borders. We are divided into different worlds, and therefore could never have managed to deal with deadly epidemics and natural holocausts which have time and again challenged us. Globalization has strengthened the nexus and has helped us to understand each others need in a better way. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Globalization refers" essay for you Create order Globalization has helped us to break the walls that separated us and have restricted our natural identity of being fellow human beings. It is true that the impact of globalization is clearly visible and affects the politics and economy of the country but it also affects the mindset of the people and their way of thinking. Globalization has made way for free trade and business and has communication between various parts of the world. It was made a world a better place to live in. Recently with the recession hitting the market, there has been doubts in many peoples mind weather globalization has made our lives better or not? Had the impact not been that great if the world was not that connected? Especially in the Automotive Industry with such heavy dependence on the Big three companies in the United States. There had been a sudden collapse in this sector which had made it difficult for car manufactures world over. The car industry, which is seen as a barometer of the world economy, is storming itself into deep recession, with sales and profits dipping(BBC News). Manufacturing plants are closing, jobs are being axed, share prices of the car companies are tumbling and production being cut back. The economic meltdown has taken its toll in almost all the industrial sectors across the globe. While the scale of the crash was unprecedented, so was the coordinated response by the Government and Banks in providing to get the financial markets industry working again and also to gain back the consumer confidence. The 2008-2009 automotive industry crises were an integral part of the global financial recession. The crisis affected the European and Asian automobile manufactures, but it was primary felt in the U.S automobile manufacturing industry. It also had an impact on Canada by the virtue of Automotive Products trade agreement. The Automotive industry was mainly weakened by the increase in the prices of the automotive fuels which is linked to the 2003-2008 energy crisis which dint encourage the purchase of low fuel economy vehicles such as the sports utility vehicles(SUVs) and the pickup trucks(MSNBC News). With the increase in the popularity and having high profit margins of these vehicles have motivated the Americas Big Three automakers also know as Detroit, General Motors, Chrysler and Ford to produce vehicles in this segment. With the fuel-efficient models presented to the consumers, sales began to go down. The pressure on the prices of raw material being so much it had turned the credit crunch by the 2008. The US automakers suffered from considerably higher labour cost than their other counter parts including salaries, benefits, healthcare and pension. A letter to the CEOs of the Big Three automakers were sent by the Democratic Congressional party leaders Nancy Pelosi and Harry Reid to present a credible restructuring plan involving significant sacrifice and major changes of doing work At the beginning, U.S sales fell down to 32% which brought down the car sales of General Motors by 45%, Ford by 30% and Chrysler by 35%. GM and Ford both having their components manufactured from India, with such a steep fall in the sale of cars it made a tremendous impact on the auto components manufactured in India. A cut in the production made them to cut down their orders of the car components manufactures. India is a strong and growing economy but the hit of recession has put red marks on the entire balance sheet of the Indian economy. The business analysts have reported that the Indian car industry had recorded a continuous growth of about 17.2% over the past few years. But with the hit of recession it has brought the growth down to about 7-8%. Be it Tata Motors or Maruti Suzuki or even Mercedes-Benz the market has gone down to a negative terrain. In addition, the uncertainty in exchange rate and increase in the dollar value against the Indian rupee has caused the slowdown. Increased dollar value has lead to an increase in the landed cost of imported machine tools and even the raw materials needed for production by approximately 14%. Steel and alloy prices have also not reduced which have forced the car manufactures to increase their car prices. To make the matters even worse is that the steel manufactures across the country are looking for re-imposition of custom duty on steel. Seeing the drop in the production numbers the State Bank of India has reduced the interest rates on loans in February, 2009. In 2008, the Chinese government had reduced the automotive taxes in order to encourage flagging sales. In January 2009, Chery a Chinese auto manufacturer reported unprecedented monthly sales. With the weak US economy in 2008, Japanese automaker Toyota recorded a double digit decline in sales. Toyota declared that it had expected a first time loss of $1.7billion in 70 years. Its sales saw a dip of 33.9% and that of Honda motor by 31.6%. In December, 2008 Japans second largest car manufacturer Suzuki Motor Corporation announced that it will cut down the production in Japan by 30,000 units due to the shortage in the demand. The company is likely to face its first plunge in the profit after eight years. Mitsubishi Motors because of the fall in demand had to cut their production requirements. It was roughly reduced by 110,000 vehicles in this year because of the fall in the sales of Japan, the U.S and the Europe. Japans car sales will fall to the lowest in about 31years according to the countries automobile manufactures. Toyotas President Katsuaki Watanabe said the Impact on the company from the struggling global economy has been faster, wider and deeper than expected. On 4th November, 2009, Toyota announced that it was pulling out from Formula One, ending the teams sports involvement. The crisis even affected the South Korean automakers, in December 2008, Hyundai Motor Company had reduced production in the plants at U.S, India, China and Turkey because of the sluggish demand. Amid the global financial crisis the company in an earlier projection had missed about 4.8 million units for 2008.they shortened factory operations and froze the wages of the administrative workers. South Koreas fourth largest automakers, SsangYong Motor, owned by SAIC (Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation) the Chinese automobile manufacturer is the worst affected in the crisis as they manufacture mainly high petrol consuming SUVs. The car maker incurred its straight fourth quarterly loss by the end of 2008 with losses amounting to $20.8 million in the third quarter. Also the sales dropped from 63% to about 3,835 vehicles. In Europe the sales of the car have so drastically reduced that consideration was being given to give monetary support for the automotive industry, particularly in France, Germany and Italy. French automobile manufacturer PSA Peugeot Citroen sales dropped by 17% in the last quarter of 2008, as a result it planned to cut 2700 jobs. In February 2009, PSA announced a cut of 11,000 jobs worldwide. Renault also saw a steep dip in sales in 2008. There was a dip in profits by 78% compared to the previous year. European sales fell 4% and worldwide the sales fell by 7% forcing Renault to abandon their growth targets of 2009. Fiat in Italy announced its temporary closure by a month. Alfa Romeos main plant of cars will be shut for four weeks. In January 2009 Fiat announced a 19% dip in revenues in the last quarter of 2008. Spanish automobile manufacturer SEAT cut their production at Martorell plant by 5% due to fall in its sales. In the United Kingdom, Jaguar Land Rover, now owned by Tata Motors, was demanding a $1.5 billion loan from the government to manage with the credit crisis. Nissan Motors UK announced that it was to get rid of 1200 jobs from its Washington factory near Sunderland due to the automotive industry crisis. The Canadian auto industry is closely related to the U.S due to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and is in similar trouble. Canada has about 3500 car dealers which employ 140,000 people, are at the risk of losing their jobs from the financial crisis. Chrysler Canada demanded for $1 billion in support, making it the only Canadian arm of the Big Three to call for any dollar request. The CTF has opposed the bailout for the Canadian subsidiaries $3.5 CAD billion for the Big Three. The CTF noted that federal and provincial governments have already spent $782-million in the past five years. On December 20th, government of Canada and the province of Ontario offered a loan of about $3.3 billion on the auto industry. Under the loan GM got about $3 billion and Chrysler got the rest. Ford only asked for small amount of credit but they will not be participating in the bailout. Chrysler vice-chairman and president and Fords chief of manufacturing said that the GM-CAW deal was insuf ficient signifying that they will break the pattern set by the GM. Chrysler may also pull back from Canada if it fails to achieve substantial cost saving from the CAW. In March 2009, the Canadian federal and Ontario governments jointly discarded the restructuring plans given by the GM and Chrysler. This came a day later when US President Barack Obama had rejected the restructuring plans of the parent companies. As recession was seeing in all parts of the world it was most affected in the United States. In November 2008, there was a hearing by the United States Senate in the presence of the heads of Chrysler, General Motor and Ford. They all demanded an aid of about $25 billion if they were to evade bankruptcy. The Republican Senators were reluctant to give aid; some even suggested that bankruptcy would be the best option as it would help the manufactures free from the deal between them and the unions. General Motors share prices steep down to the lowest since the Great Depression. Ford share prices also fell considerably. On 2nd December, 2008, the Big Three submitted a revised plan to the Congress which included more drastic measures. The total bailout aid demanded had now increased to about $34 billion, giving a gloomier image of what would happen if the Congress will not give aid. Chrysler required $7 billion by the end of the month just to continue the business, while Ford required $4 b illion immediately. In an interview with the President Barack Obama said, the last thing I want to see happen is for the auto industry to disappear, but Im concerned that we dont put $10 billion or $20 billion or $30 billion into an industry, and then six months to a year later, they come back hat in hand and say, Give me more. Under the Obama administration the idea of the car czar was approved and an agreement was reached on about $15 billion in emergency loans to the auto industry. On 18th February, 2009 Chrysler and General Motors again approached the U.S government on obtaining a second of $21.6 billion, of which General Motors asked for $16.6 billion, while Chrysler took $5billion. General Motors also agreed in line to reduce 47,000 jobs, close 5 plants and axe 12 car models. Chrysler managed to cut 3,000 jobs and reduce one shift from production and axe 3 car models. Ford was able to stand on its own but General Motors and Chrysler had to file for bankruptcy. On 30th April, 2009 Chrysler filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11after the talks with all the leaders had broken down. On 14th May, 2009 Chrysler announced to shut 25% of its U.S operations as a part of the restructuring process. On 1st June, 2009 General Motors filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy after the deals with the bond holders had failed. The application to the court in the New York marked the biggest collapse of an industrial company in the U.S. The restructuring process will involve a loss of about 20,000 jobs in the U.S. they also announced that nine other plants will be shut down while three more will be idle. It was the largest ever industrial bankruptcy in American history. In the new GM, in line with the financial regulation planned out by the U.S treasury, the federal government will take 60% of the ownership stake and the Canadian government about 12.5% along with the united auto workers getting a 17.5% share and the unsecured bondholders getting about 10% of the equity. Chapter 11 bankruptcies would allow Detroit to reorganize but not cause the massive job losses feared by some, Any bailout of the auto industry is really a bailout for the health benefits of the UAW [United Auto Workers]. Thats a ll it is. stated by Wharton finance professor Jeremy Siegel, author of the book The Future of Investors. There have been made arguments made which feel that there was no need to file for the Chapter 11 bankruptcy. This will be a visible shift in the consumer choice to choose a car as they may not be able to depend so easily from the bankrupted companies, as there will be no warranty of the vehicles. G.M also states that the bankruptcy will also cause a loss of a lot of jobs and make it difficult for the governments as they will not be able to get so many jobs. The bankruptcy served as a blessing in disguise for the Big Three as it helped them to void the outrageous union contracts and escape them from under worker obligations which were entered decades ago. It will also allow the automobile industry to be more competitive than before and be more sustainable. The government of America has also committed that it will help in the restructuring process of the auto industry as a whole and will wants the consumers to ensure on the cars they buy and also the suppliers to support them to weather the storm. The Administration will help stabilize the industry by the following ways: protection of consumer warrantees, supplier support program, unlocking the flow of credit for the consumers and dealers. The hit of the crisis at the automobile industry affected the whole world economy. The crises have not only caused problems for the car manufactures but also squeezed the car component manufactures. The component suppliers are an important part of the car industry that contributes 70% in the production of the car. The car component manufacturing companies are impacting the overall car industry in a big way. There were thousands of people being jobless and slowly people had no money with them to even buy a car. This drastically affected not only the sales of United Stated but the world over. Globalization played a crucial role in spreading this crisis world over as the automobile industry is highly dependent on United States and Canada for its manufacturing. Recession has hit the world economy through globalization causing problems not only in the auto industry but in every sector. There are millions of people world over who are jobless now as so many plants world over have been effected. Even with the inflation increasing such heights workers all over are facing pay-cuts which have made it difficult for them to survive. There is a constant pressure on the employees working as there is a fear of products being outsourced from the developing nations at a cheaper rate. Although because of globalization it has marked a new civilization which has enabled the people to stay in touch with each other and making the world a smaller place. But still it has a lot of evils which we cant overlook and we have to make sure that something is done to ensure that from the future such a thing is not repeated. There should be some measures or restrictions imposed to insure that if anything major happens either in Europe, India or even United States it should not cause problems for the whole economy. Unemployment, social degeneration and the main problems of globalization which people must be aware of that globalization is a one way tale. None the less, it is hoped that even after such an impact on the industry, the whole automotive industry which has stood the test in the previous recessions as well will bounce back once again. REFERENCE: BBC NEWS. Jorn Madslien,Business reporter, BBC News Car companies look beyond recession(online) Available from: https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7674505.stm MSNBC News. Gas prices put Detroit Big Three in crisis mode(online) Available from: https://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24896359/